Drug class
Biguanides
Also called Metformin family
First-line oral medication for type 2 diabetes.
How it works
Metformin lowers how much glucose your liver releases and helps muscle and fat cells respond better to insulin. It doesn't usually cause low blood sugar on its own.
What it treats
Type 2 diabetes, prediabetes (off-label), polycystic ovary syndrome (off-label).
Common side effects
Nausea, diarrhea, gas, metallic taste — usually settles in 1–2 weeks, especially with the extended-release form.
Worth knowing
Hold before imaging studies with IV contrast if your kidney function is borderline. Limit alcohol — increases lactic-acidosis risk (rare but serious).
Drugs in this class
Educational only. Not medical advice. Always confirm with your prescriber or pharmacist.